Technical and safety requirements for Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are primarily governed by national standards and industry specifications, most notably *GB/T 30029-2013: Safety Specifications for Industrial Automated Guided Vehicles*. This standard systematically outlines safety requirements covering the design, manufacturing, operation, and maintenance of AGVs, placing particular emphasis on personnel safety during operation, collision prevention measures, and emergency braking functions.
National standards mandate specific safety performance criteria for AGVs, requiring the inclusion of reliable emergency stop mechanisms, collision detection systems, and audible and visual alarm functions. AGVs must be capable of effectively identifying obstacles during operation and automatically decelerating or stopping when necessary to prevent collisions. Furthermore, the standards address electrical safety, mechanical structural integrity, and control system reliability.
Relevant standards also set requirements regarding operating environments, the zoning of operational areas, and human-machine collaborative workflows. For instance, AGV travel paths must be rationally planned, safety warning signs installed, and high-frequency, simultaneous operations involving both personnel and equipment in confined spaces avoided. Additionally, operators must undergo professional training to master basic operating procedures and emergency response protocols, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the system.
With the advancement of intelligent manufacturing, the standardization framework for AGVs is continuously evolving, moving toward greater intelligence and system integration. Beyond fundamental safety standards, industry standards concerning navigation precision, communication protocols, and multi-vehicle collaborative scheduling are currently under development, providing a more comprehensive regulatory foundation for AGV applications in industrial automation and smart logistics.
